Declensions

Below is an extensive list of noun and adjective declension examples. Nouns are separated from their stem and ending by ‘|’, with their genitive form and gender listed after (with some exceptions). Adjectives are listed similarly, except that all their nominative endings across genders are also shown.

Noun declensions (and, by extension, adjective declensions) can be translated thus in English:

puer, puer|ī m

boy

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	puer The boy	puer\|ī The boys
Genitive	puer\|ī Of the boy/The boy’s	puer\|ōrum Of the boys/The boys’
Dative	puer\|ō To/for the boy	puer\|īs To/for the boys
Accusative	puer\|um The boy (object)	puer\|ōs The boys (object)
Ablative	puer\|ō By/with/from/etc… the boy	puer\|īs By/with/from/etc… the boys
Vocative	puer The boy (when being addressed)	puer\|ī The boys (when being addressed)

Shown above is the declension for the noun puer, puer|ī m, with the corresponding translation for each ending. For other masculine nouns ending in -us in the nominative, the vocative singular is |e; for those ending in -ius, it is instead |ī.

For more information on Latin nouns, please see the Nouns section of the Grammar page.

Noun Declensions

First Declension

puell|a, puell|ae f

girl

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	puell\|a	puell\|ae
Genitive	puell\|ae	puell\|ārum
Dative	puell\|ae	puell\|īs
Accusative	puell\|am	puell\|ās
Ablative	puell\|ā	puell\|īs

īnsul|a, īnsul|ae f

island

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	īnsul\|a	īnsul\|ae
Genitive	īnsul\|ae	īnsul\|ārum
Dative	īnsul\|ae	īnsul\|īs
Accusative	īnsul\|am	īnsul\|ās
Ablative	īnsul\|ā	īnsul\|īs

Second Declension

equ|us, equ|ī m

horse

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	equ\|us	equ\|ī
Genitive	equ\|ī	equ\|ōrum
Dative	equ\|ō	equ\|īs
Accusative	equ\|um	equ\|ōs
Ablative	equ\|ō	equ\|īs
Vocative	equ\|e	equ\|ī

vir, vir|ī m

man

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	vir	vir\|ī
Genitive	vir\|ī	vir\|ōrum
Dative	vir\|ō	vir\|īs
Accusative	vir\|um	vir\|ōs
Ablative	vir\|ō	vir\|īs

fili|us, fili|ī m

son

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	fili\|us	fili\|ī
Genitive	fili\|ī / fil\|ī	fili\|ōrum
Dative	fili\|ō	fili\|īs
Accusative	fili\|um	fili\|ōs
Ablative	fili\|ō	fili\|īs
Vocative	fil\|ī	fili\|ī

verb|um, verb|ī n

word

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	verb\|um	verb\|a
Genitive	verb\|ī	verb\|ōrum
Dative	verb\|ō	verb\|īs
Accusative	verb\|um	verb\|a
Ablative	verb\|ō	verb\|īs

Third Declension

rēx, rēg|is m

king

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	rēx	rēg\|ēs
Genitive	rēg\|is	rēg\|um
Dative	rēg\|ī	rēg\|ibus
Accusative	rēg\|em	rēg\|ēs
Ablative	rēg\|e	rēg\|īs

mōns, mont|is m

mountain

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	mōns	mont\|ēs
Genitive	mont\|is	mont\|ium
Dative	mont\|ī	mont\|ibus
Accusative	mont\|em	mont\|ēs
Ablative	mont\|e	mont\|ibus

vōx, vōc|is f

voice

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	vōx	vōc\|ēs
Genitive	vōc\|is	vōc\|um
Dative	vōc\|ī	vōc\|ibus
Accusative	vōc\|em	vōc\|ēs
Ablative	vōc\|e	vōc\|ibus

urb|s, urb|is f

city

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	urb\|s	urb\|ēs
Genitive	urb\|is	urb\|ium
Dative	urb\|ī	urb\|ibus
Accusative	urb\|em	urb\|ēs
Ablative	urb\|e	urb\|ibus

mar|e, mar|is n, i-stem

sea

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	mar\|e	mar\|ia
Genitive	mar\|is	mar\|ium
Dative	mar\|ī	mar\|ibus
Accusative	mar\|e	mar\|ia
Ablative	mar\|ī	mar\|ibus

opus, oper|is n

work

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	opus	oper\|a
Genitive	oper\|is	oper\|um
Dative	oper\|ī	oper\|ibus
Accusative	opus	oper\|a
Ablative	oper\|e	oper\|ibus

Fourth Declension

man|us, man|ūs f

hand

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	man\|us	man\|ūs
Genitive	man\|ūs	man\|uum
Dative	man\|uī	man\|ibus
Accusative	man\|um	man\|ūs
Ablative	man\|ū	man\|ibus

corn|ū, corn|ūs n

horn

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	corn\|ū	corn\|ua
Genitive	corn\|ūs	corn\|uum
Dative	corn\|ū	corn\|ibus
Accusative	corn\|ū	corn\|ua
Ablative	corn\|ū	corn\|ibus

Fifth Declension

rēs, re|ī f

thing

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	rēs	rēs
Genitive	re\|ī	rē\|rum
Dative	re\|ī	rē\|bus
Accusative	re\|m	rēs
Ablative	rē	rē\|bus

di|ēs, di|ēī m/f

day

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	di\|ēs	di\|ēs
Genitive	di\|ēī	di\|ērum
Dative	di\|ēī	di\|ēī
Accusative	di\|em	di\|ēbus
Ablative	di\|ē	di\|ēbus

faci|ēs, faci|ēī f

face

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	faci\|ēs	faci\|ēs
Genitive	faci\|ēī	faci\|ērum
Dative	faci\|ēī	faci\|ēbus
Accusative	faci\|em	faci\|ēs
Ablative	faci\|ē	faci\|ēbus

Adjective Declensions

First & Second Declensions

bon|us, -a, -um

good

Number	Singular			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	bon\|us	bon\|a	bon\|um	bon\|ī	bon\|ae	bon\|a
Genitive	bon\|ī	bon\|ae	bon\|ī	bon\|ōrum	bon\|ārum	bon\|ōrum
Dative	bon\|ō	bon\|ae	bon\|ō	bon\|īs
Accusative	bon\|um	bon\|am	bon\|um	bon\|ōs	bon\|ās	bon\|a
Ablative	bon\|ō	bon\|ā	bon\|ō	bon\|īs
Vocative	bon\|e	bon\|a	bon\|um	bon\|ī	bon\|ae	bon\|a

sōl|us, -a, -um, gen. -ius/-īus, dat. -ī

alone

Number	Singular			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	sōl\|us	sōl\|a	sōl\|um	sōl\|ī	bon\|ae	sōl\|a
Genitive	sōl\|īus/sōl\|ius			sōl\|ōrum	sōl\|ārum	sōl\|ōrum
Dative	sōl\|ī			sōl\|īs
Accusative	sōl\|um	sōl\|am	sōl\|um	sōl\|ōs	sōl\|ās	sōl\|a
Ablative	sōl\|ō	sōl\|ā	sōl\|ō	sōl\|īs
Vocative	sōl\|e	sōl\|a	sōl\|um	sōl\|ī	sōl\|ae	sōl\|a

Third Declension

brev|is, -e

short

Number	Singular		Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine/ Feminine	Neuter	Masculine/ Feminine		Neuter
Nominative	brev\|is	brev\|e	brev\|ēs	bon\|ae	brev\|ia
Genitive	brev\|is		brev\|ium
Dative	brev\|ī		brev\|ibus
Accusative	brev\|em	brev\|e	brev\|ēs brev\|īs		brev\|ia
Ablative	brev\|ī		brev\|ibus
Vocative	brev\|is	brev\|e	brev\|ēs		brev\|ia

prior prius, priōr|is

former, first, previous

Number	Singular		Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine/ Feminine	Neuter	Masculine/ Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	prior	prius	priōr\|ēs	priōr\|a
Genitive	priōr\|is		priōr\|um
Dative	priōr\|ī		priōr\|ibus
Accusative	priōr\|em	prius	priōr\|ēs	priōr\|a
Ablative	priōr\|e		priōr\|ibus
Vocative	prior	prius	priōr\|ēs	priōr\|a

References

Traupman, John C. Essay. In The Bantam New College Latin & English Dictionary, 8–17. New York: Bantam Books, 2007.
Ørberg, Hans H. Essay. In Lingua Latina: Pars I: Grammatica Latina, 6–8. Indianapolis, Indiana: Hackett Publishing Co., 2006.
Wheelock, F. M., & LaFleur, R. A. (2011). Nouns—Declensions, Adjectives—Declensions. In Wheelock’s Latin 7th Edition (pp. 495–96). essay, Collins Reference, an imprint of HarperCollins Publishers.
Wiktionary Free Dictionary.” Wiktionary. Accessed June 18, 2024. https://www.wiktionary.org/.

Number	Singular			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	bon\|us	bon\|a	bon\|um	bon\|ī	bon\|ae	bon\|a
Genitive	bon\|ī	bon\|ae	bon\|ī	bon\|ōrum	bon\|ārum	bon\|ōrum
Dative	bon\|ō	bon\|ae	bon\|ō	bon\|īs
Accusative	bon\|um	bon\|am	bon\|um	bon\|ōs	bon\|ās	bon\|a
Ablative	bon\|ō	bon\|ā	bon\|ō	bon\|īs
Vocative	bon\|e	bon\|a	bon\|um	bon\|ī	bon\|ae	bon\|a

Number	Singular			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	sōl\|us	sōl\|a	sōl\|um	sōl\|ī	bon\|ae	sōl\|a
Genitive	sōl\|īus/sōl\|ius			sōl\|ōrum	sōl\|ārum	sōl\|ōrum
Dative	sōl\|ī			sōl\|īs
Accusative	sōl\|um	sōl\|am	sōl\|um	sōl\|ōs	sōl\|ās	sōl\|a
Ablative	sōl\|ō	sōl\|ā	sōl\|ō	sōl\|īs
Vocative	sōl\|e	sōl\|a	sōl\|um	sōl\|ī	sōl\|ae	sōl\|a